/* --- Journal list page (.journal-list*) ??list cards match home journals layout (styles duplicated here, not home.css) --- */
.journal-list .iaoa-breadcrumb {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.pagination-heading {
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.pagination-heading__title {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 2vw + 1rem, 2rem);
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.pagination-heading__meta-line {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.pagination-heading__meta-sep {
    margin: 0 0.35rem;
    color: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.95);
}

/* Grid: same as home journals (Bootstrap row g-4 + col-lg-6) */
.journal-list__grid {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Card shell (from home .home-journals-card) */
.journal-list__card {
    height: 100%;
    padding: 0;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 16px;
    box-shadow: none;
    transition:
        transform 0.22s ease,
        border-color 0.22s ease;
}

/* Inner flex row (from home .home-card-link + .home-journals-card__link) */
.journal-list__card-link {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
    min-width: 0;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    padding: 1.25rem;
}

.journal-list__card-cover {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.5rem 0 1rem;
    background: transparent;
}

.journal-list__card-cover .journal-list__card-cover-img {
    width: min(100%, 12rem);
    aspect-ratio: 3 / 4;
    object-fit: cover;
}

@media (min-width: 576px) {
    .journal-list__card-link {
        flex-direction: row;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 1.25rem;
    }

    .journal-list__card-cover {
        width: 11.5rem;
        padding: 0.5rem;
        align-self: center;
    }

    .journal-list__card-cover .journal-list__card-cover-img {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 10.5rem;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .journal-list__card-cover {
        width: 12.5rem;
    }

    .journal-list__card-cover .journal-list__card-cover-img {
        max-width: 11.25rem;
    }
}

.journal-list__card:hover {
    border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.28);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.journal-list__card:hover .journal-list__card-title {
    color: #1d4ed8;
}

.journal-list__card-body {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.journal-list__card-head {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
    align-items: start;
    gap: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
}

.journal-list__card-title {
    margin: 0;
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    color: var(--color-text);
    word-break: break-word;
    font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 1.1vw + 1rem, 1.35rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    transition: color 0.18s ease;
}

.journal-list__card-badge {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 1;
    padding: 0.2rem 0.55rem;
    font-size: 0.625rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #fff;
    background-color: var(--color-success);
    border-radius: 999px;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.journal-list__card-cover-img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12);
}

.journal-list__card-desc {
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    line-clamp: 3;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.journal-list__card-meta {
    margin: auto 0 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.journal-list__card-meta > div {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 0.3rem 0;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.journal-list__card-meta dt {
    margin: 0;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-list__card-meta dd {
    margin: 0;
    text-align: right;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .journal-list__card:hover {
        transform: none;
    }

    .journal-list__card,
    .journal-list__card-link,
    .journal-list__card-title {
        transition: none;
    }
}

.journal-list__empty {
    margin: 2rem 0;
    padding: 2rem 1rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border: 1px dashed rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12);
    border-radius: 12px;
}

.pagination {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    margin-top: 2.25rem;
}

.pagination__btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-width: 6.5rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 1.1rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border: 1px solid rgba(33, 150, 243, 0.35);
    border-radius: 10px;
    transition:
        background-color 0.15s ease,
        color 0.15s ease,
        border-color 0.15s ease;
}

.pagination__btn:hover {
    color: #fff;
    background: var(--color-primary);
    border-color: var(--color-primary);
}

.pagination__btn--disabled {
    opacity: 0.45;
    cursor: not-allowed;
    pointer-events: none;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    border-color: var(--color-border);
    background: var(--color-surface-muted);
}

.pagination__status {
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

/* --- Journal detail page (.journal-detail*) --- */
.journal-detail {
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

.journal-detail.iaoa-list-section .iaoa-breadcrumb {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.journal-detail--missing .iaoa-breadcrumb {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.journal-detail__empty {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 2.5rem 1rem 3rem;
    border-radius: 16px;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.journal-detail__empty-icon {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 3.5rem;
    height: 3.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: rgba(33, 150, 243, 0.1);
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.journal-detail__empty-title {
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 1.2vw + 1rem, 1.75rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.journal-detail__empty-lead {
    margin: 0 auto 1.75rem;
    max-width: 28rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-detail__empty-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.55rem 1.35rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #fff;
    background: var(--color-primary);
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.journal-detail__empty-btn:hover {
    color: #fff;
    filter: brightness(1.06);
}

.journal-detail__hero-bleed {
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.journal-detail__hero {
    padding: 2.5rem 0 2.75rem;
}

.journal-detail__cover-wrap {
    max-width: 13.5rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

@media (min-width: 576px) {
    .journal-detail__cover-wrap {
        margin: 0;
    }
}

.journal-detail__cover-img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    aspect-ratio: 3 / 4;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow:
        0 8px 22px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12),
        0 2px 6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
}

.journal-detail__title {
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 2.4vw + 1rem, 2.5rem);
    line-height: 1.2;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-detail__title-link {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.journal-detail__title-link:hover {
    color: #1a4d8c;
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 0.15em;
}

.journal-detail__badge-wrap {
    margin: 0 0 1.15rem;
}

.journal-detail__badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.22rem 0.65rem;
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #fff;
    background-color: var(--color-success);
    border-radius: 999px;
}

.journal-detail__meta-table {
    margin: 0;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.journal-detail__meta-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    padding: 0.65rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
}

.journal-detail__meta-row:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.journal-detail__meta-row:first-child {
    padding-top: 0;
}

.journal-detail__meta-label {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-detail__meta-value {
    text-align: right;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

/* About, editors, and metrics ? one white content block */
.journal-detail__about-bleed {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 2.75rem 0 3.25rem;
    background: #fff;
}

.journal-detail__about {
    padding: 0;
}

.journal-detail__about-title {
    margin: 0 0 1.5rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2vw + 1rem, 2rem);
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-detail__about-empty {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-detail__editors {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.journal-detail__editor-card {
    padding: 1.75rem;
    background: #f8fafc;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
    transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.journal-detail__editor-card:hover {
    border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.25);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
}

.journal-detail__editor-card-title {
    margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-detail__editor-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.journal-detail__editor-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 1.25rem;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.journal-detail__editor-avatar {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #eef2f7;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.journal-detail__editor-avatar img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.journal-detail__editor-avatar--placeholder {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.45);
    background: #eef2f7;
}

.journal-detail__editor-avatar--placeholder .bi {
    font-size: 2.75rem;
    line-height: 1;
}

.journal-detail__editor-info {
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    min-width: 0;
}

.journal-detail__editor-name {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.45;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.journal-detail__editor-description {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    white-space: pre-line;
}

@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
    .journal-detail__editor-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        padding: 1rem;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .journal-detail__editor-card {
        padding: 1.25rem;
    }
}

.journal-detail__metrics {
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.journal-detail__metrics-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
}

.journal-detail__metric-card {
    padding: 1.35rem 1rem;
    text-align: center;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
    transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.journal-detail__metric-card:hover {
    border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.25);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.journal-detail__metric-value {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
    min-height: 2rem;
}

.journal-detail__metric-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.55rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: #fff;
    background-color: #059669;
    border-radius: 0.25rem;
}

.journal-detail__metric-value-text {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-detail__metric-info {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    cursor: help;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

.journal-detail__metric-info:hover,
.journal-detail__metric-info:focus-visible {
    color: #1d4ed8;
    outline: none;
}

/* Bootstrap metric tooltips ? match live dark bubble + arrow */
.journal-detail__metric-tooltip .tooltip-inner {
    max-width: 14rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.45;
    text-align: center;
    color: #fff;
    background-color: #212529;
    border-radius: 0.375rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.18);
}

.journal-detail__metric-tooltip.bs-tooltip-top .tooltip-arrow::before,
.journal-detail__metric-tooltip.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^="top"] .tooltip-arrow::before {
    border-top-color: #212529;
}

.journal-detail__metric-tooltip.bs-tooltip-bottom .tooltip-arrow::before,
.journal-detail__metric-tooltip.bs-tooltip-auto[data-popper-placement^="bottom"] .tooltip-arrow::before {
    border-bottom-color: #212529;
}

.journal-detail__metric-label {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

@media (max-width: 1199.98px) {
    .journal-detail__metrics-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

@media (max-width: 767.98px) {
    .journal-detail__metrics-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

@media (max-width: 479.98px) {
    .journal-detail__metrics-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

/* Articles list */
.journal-detail__articles-bleed {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 2.75rem 0 3.25rem;
}

.journal-detail__articles-head {
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.journal-detail__articles-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2vw + 1rem, 2rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-detail__article-nav-tabs {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.journal-detail__article-nav-tabs .nav-tabs {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.12);
}

.journal-detail__article-nav-tabs .nav-link {
    margin-bottom: -2px;
    padding: 0.85rem 1.35rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
    border-radius: 0;
    transition: color 0.15s ease, border-color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-detail__article-nav-tabs .nav-link:hover,
.journal-detail__article-nav-tabs .nav-link:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    border-color: transparent;
    isolation: isolate;
}

.journal-detail__article-nav-tabs .nav-link.active {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: transparent;
    border-color: transparent transparent var(--color-primary);
}

.journal-detail__articles-tab-content {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.journal-detail__articles-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.journal-detail__article-card {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
    transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.journal-detail__article-card:hover {
    border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.25);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.journal-detail__article-date {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-detail__article-title {
    margin: 0 0 0.65rem;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.journal-detail__article-title a {
    color: var(--color-text);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-detail__article-title a:hover,
.journal-detail__article-title a:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-detail__article-author {
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-detail__article-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.65rem;
}

.journal-detail__article-pdf-btn,
.journal-detail__article-cite-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    padding: 0.55rem 0.9rem;
    font-family: inherit;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.3;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease, border-color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-detail__article-pdf-btn {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #3b82f6 0%, #2563eb 100%);
    border: none;
}

.journal-detail__article-pdf-btn:hover,
.journal-detail__article-pdf-btn:focus-visible {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #4b8ef7 0%, #1d4ed8 100%);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-detail__article-cite-btn {
    color: var(--color-text);
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.15);
}

.journal-detail__article-cite-btn:hover,
.journal-detail__article-cite-btn:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-detail__articles-empty {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 2rem 1.25rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    background: #f8fafc;
    border: 1px dashed rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.28);
    border-radius: 12px;
}

.journal-detail__articles-footer {
    margin: 2rem 0 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.journal-detail__articles-view-all {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #3b82f6 0%, #2563eb 100%);
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35);
    transition: background 0.18s ease, box-shadow 0.18s ease, transform 0.18s ease;
}

.journal-detail__articles-view-all:hover,
.journal-detail__articles-view-all:focus-visible {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #4b8ef7 0%, #1d4ed8 100%);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.4);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    outline: none;
}

/* Latest issues */
.journal-detail__issues-bleed {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 2.75rem 0 3.25rem;
}

.journal-detail__issues-head {
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.journal-detail__issues-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2vw + 1rem, 2rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-detail__issues-grid {
    margin-top: 0;
}

/* Journal issue card (shared partial journal-issue-card) */
.journal-issue-card {
    height: 100%;
    padding: 1.75rem 1.5rem;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
    transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.journal-issue-card:hover {
    border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.25);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.journal-issue-card__title {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.journal-issue-card__link {
    color: #0c2340;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-issue-card__link:hover,
.journal-issue-card__link:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-issue-card__date {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-detail__issues-footer {
    margin: 0.5rem 0 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.journal-detail__issues-view-all {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #3b82f6 0%, #2563eb 100%);
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35);
    transition: background 0.18s ease, box-shadow 0.18s ease, transform 0.18s ease;
}

.journal-detail__issues-view-all:hover,
.journal-detail__issues-view-all:focus-visible {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #4b8ef7 0%, #1d4ed8 100%);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.4);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    outline: none;
}

/* Indexing & abstracting carousel (full width, no band background) */
.journal-detail__platforms-bleed {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 2.75rem 0 3.25rem;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.journal-detail__platforms-head {
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
    padding-left: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 2rem);
    padding-right: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 2rem);
    text-align: center;
}

.journal-detail__platforms-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2vw + 1rem, 2rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-detail__platforms-carousel {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    min-height: 4.5rem;
}

.journal-detail__platforms-track {
    display: flex;
    gap: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
    width: max-content;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
}

.journal-detail__platforms-track.is-paused {
    cursor: default;
}

.journal-detail__platform-item {
    display: flex;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.journal-detail__platform-img {
    display: block;
    width: clamp(7rem, 12vw, 8.75rem);
    max-width: 100%;
    height: 3.5rem;
    object-fit: contain;
    opacity: 0.88;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.journal-detail__platform-item:hover .journal-detail__platform-img {
    opacity: 1;
}

/* Article cite modal (shared via article-list-section partial) */
.journal-cite-modal {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: 1050;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 1rem;
}

.journal-cite-modal[hidden] {
    display: none;
}

.journal-cite-modal__backdrop {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.5);
    backdrop-filter: blur(2px);
}

.journal-cite-modal__dialog {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    width: min(100%, 40rem);
    max-height: min(88vh, 32rem);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 14px;
    box-shadow: 0 20px 50px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.22);
}

.journal-cite-modal__header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 1.25rem 1.35rem 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.journal-cite-modal__title-wrap {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    min-width: 0;
}

.journal-cite-modal__icon {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 2.5rem;
    height: 2.5rem;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.1);
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.journal-cite-modal__title {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.1875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.35;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-cite-modal__close {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 2.25rem;
    height: 2.25rem;
    padding: 0;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-cite-modal__close:hover,
.journal-cite-modal__close:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-text);
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-cite-modal__body {
    padding: 0 1.35rem 1.25rem;
    overflow: auto;
}

.journal-cite-modal__lead {
    margin: 0 0 0.85rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-cite-modal__citation-box {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 1rem 1.1rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--color-text);
    white-space: normal;
    word-break: break-word;
    background: #f8fafc;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.journal-cite-modal__footer {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    padding: 1rem 1.35rem 1.25rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    background: #fafbfc;
    border-radius: 0 0 14px 14px;
}

.journal-cite-modal__btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.05rem;
    font-family: inherit;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.15s ease, border-color 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-cite-modal__btn--primary {
    color: #fff;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #3b82f6 0%, #2563eb 100%);
    border: none;
}

.journal-cite-modal__btn--primary:hover,
.journal-cite-modal__btn--primary:focus-visible {
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #4b8ef7 0%, #1d4ed8 100%);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-cite-modal__btn--secondary {
    color: var(--color-text);
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.15);
}

.journal-cite-modal__btn--secondary:hover,
.journal-cite-modal__btn--secondary:focus-visible {
    border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35);
    color: var(--color-primary);
    outline: none;
}

/* Subpage navigation bar ? flush below hero (no gap between bleed blocks) */
.journal-detail__nav-bleed {
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    background: #f2f7fc;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.1);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.12);
}

.journal-detail__nav-bar {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1rem 1.5rem;
    min-height: 3.75rem;
    padding: 0.85rem 0;
}

.journal-detail__nav-menu {
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    min-width: 0;
}

.journal-detail__nav-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem 2rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.journal-detail__nav-item {
    position: relative;
}

.journal-detail__nav-trigger {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0.35rem 0;
    font-family: inherit;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: #1e3a5f;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-detail__nav-trigger:hover,
.journal-detail__nav-trigger:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-detail__nav-item--open .journal-detail__nav-trigger {
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

.journal-detail__nav-chevron {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    line-height: 1;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.journal-detail__nav-item--open .journal-detail__nav-chevron {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
}

/* Floating panel ? out of document flow when hidden (no page scrollbar) */
.journal-detail__nav-dropdown {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 40;
    min-width: 13.5rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0.35rem 0;
    list-style: none;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow:
        0 8px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1),
        0 2px 6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.journal-detail__nav-bleed,
.journal-detail__nav-bar,
.journal-detail__nav-menu,
.journal-detail__nav-list {
    overflow: visible;
}

/* Desktop: CSS hover only (fine pointer) */
@media (min-width: 992px) and (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
    .journal-detail__nav-dropdown {
        margin-top: -0.5rem;
        padding-top: 0.5rem;
        transition: opacity 0.2s ease, visibility 0.2s ease;
    }

    .journal-detail__nav-item:hover .journal-detail__nav-dropdown {
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        pointer-events: auto;
    }
}

.journal-detail__nav-dropdown-link {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background-color 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-detail__nav-dropdown-link:hover,
.journal-detail__nav-dropdown-link:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.06);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-detail__nav-dropdown-link--disabled {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    cursor: not-allowed;
    opacity: 0.65;
}

.journal-detail__submit-article {
    display: inline-flex;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    padding: 0.8rem 1.15rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #3b82f6 0%, #2563eb 100%);
    border: none;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow:
        0 2px 6px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35),
        0 1px 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    transition:
        transform 0.18s ease,
        box-shadow 0.18s ease,
        background 0.18s ease;
}

.journal-detail__submit-article:hover,
.journal-detail__submit-article:focus-visible {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #4b8ef7 0%, #1d4ed8 100%);
    box-shadow:
        0 4px 14px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.4),
        0 2px 4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-detail__submit-article:active {
    transform: translateY(0);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.3);
}

.journal-detail__submit-article-icon {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1;
}

@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
    .journal-detail__nav-bar {
        align-items: stretch;
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .journal-detail__nav-menu {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .journal-detail__nav-list {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 0.15rem;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .journal-detail__nav-item {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .journal-detail__nav-trigger {
        display: flex;
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: space-between;
        align-items: center;
        padding: 0.65rem 0;
        box-sizing: border-box;
    }

    /* Click accordion: in document flow, pushes content below (not a floating popover) */
    .journal-detail__nav-dropdown {
        position: static;
        top: auto;
        left: auto;
        right: auto;
        z-index: auto;
        width: 100%;
        min-width: 0;
        margin: 0;
        max-height: 0;
        overflow: hidden;
        opacity: 0;
        visibility: hidden;
        pointer-events: none;
        box-shadow: none;
        border: none;
        border-radius: 8px;
        background: #fff;
        padding: 0;
        transition:
            max-height 0.3s ease-out,
            padding 0.3s ease-out,
            opacity 0.3s ease-out,
            margin 0.3s ease-out,
            border-color 0.3s ease-out;
    }

    .journal-detail__nav-item--open .journal-detail__nav-dropdown {
        max-height: 32rem;
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        pointer-events: auto;
        margin-top: 0.25rem;
        padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem 0.5rem;
        border: 1px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.1);
    }

    /* Switching panels: collapse the previous item instantly, animate only the new one */
    .journal-detail__nav-item--instant .journal-detail__nav-dropdown {
        transition: none;
    }

    .journal-detail__nav-dropdown-link {
        padding: 0.45rem 0;
        border-radius: 6px;
    }

    .journal-detail__submit-article {
        width: 100%;
    }
}

/* --- Journal article detail page (.journal-article-detail-page*) --- */
.journal-article-detail-page .iaoa-breadcrumb {
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__head-bleed {
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    background: #fff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__head {
    padding: 2rem 0 2.25rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__title {
    margin: 0 0 1.35rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.625rem, 2.8vw + 0.65rem, 2.375rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.22;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__author-line {
    margin: 0 0 0.65rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__author-name {
    font-weight: 600;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__author-sup {
    margin-left: 0.1rem;
    font-size: 0.72em;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__author-mail {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-left: 0.2rem;
    color: #0c2340;
    text-decoration: none;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__author-mail:hover,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__author-mail:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__affiliations {
    margin: 0 0 1.15rem;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__affiliation {
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__affiliation:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__affiliation-sup {
    margin-right: 0.2rem;
    font-size: 0.72em;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.65rem 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__link-item {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    word-break: break-all;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__link-item:hover,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__link-item:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary-dark);
    text-decoration: underline;
    outline: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__oa-badge {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.28rem 0.7rem;
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #fff;
    background: #15803d;
    border-radius: 999px;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__license {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding: 1rem 1.15rem;
    background: #fafbfc;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__license-lead {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.45;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__license-link {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__license-link:hover,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__license-link:focus-visible {
    text-decoration: underline;
    outline: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__license-text {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__foot {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1rem 1.5rem;
    padding-top: 1.35rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__published {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__published .bi {
    color: var(--color-primary);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__foot-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-end;
    gap: 0.65rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    min-height: 2.375rem;
    padding: 0.45rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.2;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition:
        background-color 0.2s ease,
        color 0.2s ease,
        border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__btn--outline {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.45);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__btn--outline:hover,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__btn--outline:focus-visible {
    color: #1e40af;
    background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.06);
    border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.65);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__layout {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__content {
    padding: 1.75rem 1.5rem;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__section + .journal-article-detail__section {
    margin-top: 1.75rem;
    padding-top: 1.75rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__section-title {
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0c2340;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__section-body {
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__keywords-text {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__sidebar {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.25rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__sidebar-panel {
    padding: 1.5rem 1.25rem;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__sidebar-panel + .journal-article-detail__sidebar-panel {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__sidebar-title {
    margin: 0 0 1.15rem;
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0c2340;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__issue-sidebar {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.35rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__issue-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__issue-link {
    color: #0c2340;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__issue-link:hover,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__issue-link:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__issue-date {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: #0f172a;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__access-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    margin-top: 1.15rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__access-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    width: 100%;
    min-height: 2.5rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition:
        background-color 0.2s ease,
        color 0.2s ease,
        border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__access-btn--primary {
    color: #fff;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2563eb 0%, #1d4ed8 100%);
    border: 1px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.45);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.28);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__access-btn--primary:hover,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__access-btn--primary:focus-visible {
    filter: brightness(1.06);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__access-btn--outline {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.45);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__access-btn--outline:hover,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__access-btn--outline:focus-visible {
    color: #1e40af;
    background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.06);
    outline: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-sidebar {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-cover-wrap {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-cover-link {
    display: block;
    width: 9.5rem;
    max-width: 100%;
    margin-inline: auto;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-cover-slot {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 3 / 4;
    min-height: 10rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12);
    background-color: #0c2340;
    transition:
        transform 0.18s ease,
        box-shadow 0.18s ease;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-cover-link:hover .journal-article-detail__journal-cover-slot,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-cover-link:focus-visible .journal-article-detail__journal-cover-slot {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.14);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-cover-img {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-name,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-badge-wrap,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-meta-table {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    width: 100%;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-name {
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-name a {
    color: #0c2340;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-name a:hover,
.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-name a:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    text-decoration: underline;
    outline: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-badge-wrap {
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.22rem 0.65rem;
    font-size: 0.6875rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #fff;
    background-color: var(--color-success);
    border-radius: 999px;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-meta-table {
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    text-align: left;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-meta-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    padding: 0.65rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-meta-row:first-child {
    padding-top: 0;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-meta-row:last-child {
    padding-bottom: 0;
    border-bottom: none;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-meta-label {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__journal-meta-value {
    text-align: right;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__doi-link {
    word-break: break-all;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .journal-article-detail-page .journal-article-detail__sidebar {
        position: sticky;
        top: 1.25rem;
        align-self: flex-start;
    }
}

/* --- Journal issue detail page (.journal-issue-detail-page*) --- */
.journal-issue-detail-page .iaoa-breadcrumb {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__body-bleed {
    padding-top: 2.75rem;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-card {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding: 1.75rem 1.5rem;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-card-head {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1.15rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-icon {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 3.25rem;
    height: 3.25rem;
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-eyebrow {
    margin: 0 0 0.35rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-title {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.375rem, 2vw + 0.75rem, 1.875rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-journal {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-journal a {
    color: var(--color-primary);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-journal a:hover,
.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-journal a:focus-visible {
    color: var(--color-primary-dark);
    text-decoration: underline;
    outline: none;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-meta-cell {
    padding-top: 0.15rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.15rem;
    border-left: 3px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35);
    padding-left: 0.85rem;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-meta-cell + .journal-issue-detail__issue-meta-cell {
        border-left-width: 3px;
    }
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-meta-label {
    margin: 0 0 0.35rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__issue-meta-value {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0c2340;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__articles {
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__articles-title {
    margin: 0 0 0.45rem;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0c2340;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__articles-lead {
    margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-issue-detail__articles-empty {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 2rem 1.25rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    background: #f8fafc;
    border: 1px dashed rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.28);
    border-radius: 12px;
}

.journal-issue-detail-page .journal-detail__articles-list {
    gap: 1rem;
}

/* --- Journal issue list page (.journal-issue-list-page*) --- */
.journal-issue-list-page .journal-issue-list__body-bleed {
    padding-top: 2.75rem;
    padding-bottom: 3.25rem;
}

.journal-issue-list-page .journal-issue-list__title {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2vw + 1rem, 2rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-issue-list-page .journal-issue-list__lead {
    margin: 0 0 1.75rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.journal-issue-list-page .journal-issue-list__year-section + .journal-issue-list__year-section {
    margin-top: 2.25rem;
    padding-top: 2.25rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
}

.journal-issue-list-page .journal-issue-list__year-title {
    margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.35;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

.journal-issue-list-page .journal-issue-list__grid {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.journal-issue-list-page .journal-issue-list__empty {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 2rem 1.25rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    background: #f8fafc;
    border: 1px dashed rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.28);
    border-radius: 12px;
}

/* --- Journal article list page (.journal-article-list-page*) --- */
.journal-article-list-page .journal-article-list__body-bleed {
    padding-top: 2.75rem;
    padding-bottom: 3.25rem;
}

.journal-article-list-page .journal-article-list__title {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2vw + 1rem, 2rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: #0c2340;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .journal-detail__nav-dropdown,
    .journal-detail__nav-item--instant .journal-detail__nav-dropdown,
    .journal-detail__nav-trigger,
    .journal-detail__nav-chevron,
    .journal-detail__submit-article,
    .journal-detail__metric-card,
    .journal-detail__article-card,
    .journal-detail__articles-view-all {
        transition: none;
    }

    .journal-detail__submit-article:hover,
    .journal-detail__submit-article:focus-visible,
    .journal-detail__metric-card:hover,
    .journal-detail__article-card:hover,
    .journal-issue-card:hover,
    .journal-detail__platform-item:hover,
    .journal-detail__articles-view-all:hover,
    .journal-detail__issues-view-all:hover {
        transform: none;
    }

    .journal-detail__platforms-track {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        justify-content: center;
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        animation: none;
        transform: none;
    }
}